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Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm is the large-format paving specification of Citadel Stone’s signature volcanic basalt — the natural-stone hardscape choice for contemporary architectural projects across the United States that demand visual scale, anti-slip safety, and the all-climate weather resilience that only volcanic basalt delivers. The elongated rectangular face combined with the US standard 3cm (1-1/4 inch) paver thickness produces a format that defines modern hardscape architecture: driveways that read as architectural approach rather than utilitarian pavement, patios that anchor outdoor entertaining with material weight and presence, pool decks for resort and luxury residential pool environments, long-run walkways that pull the eye through the landscape with directional flow, and commercial plaza paving at the scale that public-realm architecture demands.
The 24″ × 12″ proportion is the contemporary architectural alternative to the 12″ × 12″ square format that has dominated residential hardscape for decades. Where the square reads as traditional and modular, the elongated rectangle reads as contemporary and directional — drawing the eye through the installation rather than holding it in a static grid. For projects where the hardscape is intended to be part of the architectural composition rather than a neutral background, the 24″ × 12″ format is the choice that contemporary designers and architects specify by default.
Citadel Stone’s basalt is sourced exclusively from Middle Eastern volcanic deposits selected over five decades of trading for density, structural integrity, and colour consistency. The material is a fine-grained crystalline volcanic rock with a deep charcoal-to-black colour and minimal visual variation between pieces — the dark uniformity is part of the design appeal and one of the practical advantages over limestone alternatives, where natural colour variation must be planned around in large-format installations like this one.
What distinguishes Citadel basalt from sedimentary stone alternatives is the geological origin of the material. Basalt is volcanic rock formed from rapidly cooled lava, producing a dense crystalline structure with near-zero porosity and exceptional resistance to weathering, acid exposure, salt damage, and freeze-thaw cycling. Limestone is sedimentary and porous, requiring sealing throughout its service life. Basalt is igneous and dense, requiring no sealing in any climate. For the practical demands of contemporary hardscape — vehicular loading on driveways, pool chemistry on pool decks, weather across all US climates, decades of daily use — basalt delivers performance that no other natural stone matches and that no manufactured paver replicates.
The bush-hammered finish is produced by mechanical impact tooling — a powered hammer with multiple pointed tips strikes the surface of the stone under controlled force, removing a uniform thin layer of material and leaving a deeply textured anti-slip surface. The process delivers the strongest wet-condition slip resistance available in natural-stone hardscape, important for any exterior application where wet feet, rainfall, or sloped surfaces create slip concerns.
The 24″ × 12″ format is the elongated rectangular proportion that has come to define contemporary hardscape architecture. The format installs in running-bond patterns that draw the eye along the length of the surface, in stack-bond layouts that read as more minimal and architectural, and in mixed-format compositions where the rectangle anchors smaller and larger pieces in deliberate visual hierarchy. Compared to the 12″ × 12″ square that has historically dominated residential hardscape, the 24″ × 12″ rectangle reads as more contemporary, more architectural, and better matched to the scale of luxury residential and commercial outdoor architecture.
The combination of the bush-hammered surface character and the elongated format produces a particularly strong visual outcome. The shadow play across the deeply textured surface emphasises the directional length of each piece, drawing the eye along the format and reinforcing the architectural intent of the installation. In photographs and in-person, contemporary hardscape in this specification reads as considered, substantial, and authentically natural in a way that smaller formats and smoother finishes cannot achieve.
The 3cm (1-1/4 inch) thickness is the standard paver specification across the US natural-stone trade. This thickness is sufficient for residential pedestrian patios and walkways on standard aggregate bedding, residential driveways under passenger-vehicle loading on properly engineered aggregate or concrete bases, commercial pedestrian hardscape including plaza paving, hotel approaches, and resort installations, and the full range of pool deck and patio applications in residential and light-commercial settings.
For applications requiring heavier loading — frequent commercial vehicular traffic, ambulance and fire-vehicle access routes, parking areas under sustained vehicle weight — the 4cm or 5cm thickness is the appropriate specification, available on request as a custom thickness from Citadel Stone. For lighter applications such as wall cladding and sheltered light-duty interior surfaces, the 2cm thickness is the standard specification, also available in the same finish from Citadel Stone for projects requiring material consistency across multiple thicknesses.
In US construction documents and trade specifications, the “3cm” thickness designation is recognized and used consistently across architectural drawings, contractor estimates, supply quotations, and installation specifications — even on otherwise imperial-measurement projects. This is a useful convention to understand because it signals professional natural-stone specification in a way that imperial-only descriptions sometimes do not.
Citadel basalt performs without restriction in every climate across the United States. The reasons are geological. The near-zero water absorption rate means moisture cannot penetrate the stone in meaningful quantity, so freeze-thaw cycling has no material to act on. The dense crystalline structure resists the thermal expansion stress that summer heat in extreme climates creates. The chemical inertness resists pool chemistry, road salt, and atmospheric pollution that would damage less durable stones.
In practical terms: this specification is appropriate for contemporary architectural hardscape in cold-climate states including Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, the Mountain West, and the Pacific Northwest without any of the caveats that apply to limestone specifications in those climates. It is equally appropriate for the warm-climate American South — Florida, the Gulf Coast, Hawaii, Southern California, Arizona, Texas — without any of the heat-related concerns that affect some manufactured paving alternatives. It performs across the desert Southwest, the rainy Pacific Northwest, the variable mid-Atlantic, and every climate transition between. There is no climate caveat for this material — it is the simplest specification recommendation in the Citadel Stone catalogue from a climate-suitability perspective.
Citadel basalt does not require sealing for any application. The dense crystalline structure of volcanic basalt is naturally non-absorbent and naturally resistant to staining, weather, and chemical exposure. No initial sealer application is needed at installation, and no resealing maintenance is required across the service life of the installation. This is one of the principal practical advantages of basalt over limestone, marble, sandstone, and the porous natural-stone alternatives that require rigorous sealing protocols throughout their service life.
Some installers choose to apply a colour-enhancing sealer to basalt purely for visual reasons — the sealer deepens the dark colour and produces a slight wet-look surface character that some clients prefer for the immediate post-installation appearance. This is a finish preference rather than a maintenance requirement. For clients who prefer the natural matte appearance of bush-hammered basalt as installed, no sealer is required at any point. For clients who prefer the enhanced visual depth of a sealed finish, a colour-enhancing penetrating sealer can be applied at installation and reapplied every five to seven years as the aesthetic effect fades. Neither approach is technically necessary for the stone’s performance.
The six application sections below address the architectural and commercial hardscape settings where the 24″ × 12″ × 3cm bush-hammered basalt format performs at its best. Each reflects the specific character of the larger format and its suitability for contemporary architectural specification.
The 24″ × 12″ format transforms driveways from utilitarian pavement into architectural approach. The elongated rectangular pieces installed in running-bond or modified herringbone patterns draw the eye along the length of the driveway toward the property, reading as a designed sequence rather than a functional surface. For luxury residential properties where the driveway is the first architectural experience of the home, this format communicates investment and considered design from the property line forward. The 3cm thickness handles residential passenger-vehicle loading and occasional service-vehicle access on a properly engineered base — typically 8 to 12 inches of compacted aggregate depending on local soil conditions and frost line depth. The bush-hammered finish provides essential tire grip for sloped driveways and rainy-climate installations. The all-climate performance of basalt eliminates the freeze-thaw surface damage that affects limestone driveways in cold climates after several winters of road-salt and freeze cycling. Edge restraints are mandatory for any driveway installation; matching basalt curbing or contrasting Citadel limestone curbing produces a complete architectural composition.
Patios specified in the 24″ × 12″ format read as architectural rooms rather than incidental hardscape. The larger format scale matches contemporary outdoor furniture and the architectural intent of luxury residential outdoor living spaces — outdoor kitchens, covered entertaining areas, integrated fire features, and pool-adjacent patio architecture. Where the 12-inch square format reads as traditional residential paving, the 24-by-12 rectangle reads as architectural extension of the building, particularly when the installation pattern continues the rhythm of the building’s window or door spacing into the hardscape. The bush-hammered surface character pairs particularly well with contemporary architecture — strong shadow play across the textured surface complements clean architectural lines, modern outdoor furniture, and landscape planting with sculptural form. Sealing is not required, drainage falls of 1 to 2 percent should be planned for water management, and the modular format accommodates the level changes, steps, and feature integrations typical of designed outdoor rooms.
Pool deck specification at this format and thickness is the standard choice for resort hospitality projects, luxury residential pools, and commercial aquatic installations across the warm-climate US market and beyond. The combination of properties is purpose-built for the pool environment: the bush-hammered texture delivers reliable wet-foot slip resistance, the dense basalt structure resists chlorinated and salt-system pool chemistry that damages limestone pool decks over time, the dark colour stays visually consistent over decades without showing pool chemical residue, and the no-sealing-required protocol eliminates the annual maintenance commitment that limestone pool decks demand. The 24″ × 12″ format scale matches resort and luxury residential pool dimensions appropriately — smaller formats can read as fussy or undersized at resort scale. Pool deck installations require careful drainage planning around the pool perimeter to move splash-out water away from the building, and the 3cm thickness provides the appropriate weight loading capacity for pool furniture, occasional service vehicles, and pedestrian traffic across the deck.
The directional character of the 24″ × 12″ format makes this specification particularly suited to long-run pathways and corridors through the landscape — formal garden paths, approaches to outbuildings, walkways linking buildings on larger properties, and the linear hardscape that connects elements of a designed landscape composition. The elongated rectangle pulls the eye along the length of the path, reinforcing the sense of directed movement through the landscape and giving the journey a sense of architectural intention. Path widths from 36 inches (formal main walkway) through 72 inches (broad approach path) are easily accommodated in two- to six-piece-wide layouts. The bush-hammered finish provides reliable footing across all weather conditions, and the all-climate performance of basalt eliminates the seasonal surface damage that affects limestone path installations in cold-climate landscapes. Edge treatment in matching basalt curbing or contrasting limestone produces a finished architectural composition; gravel-edged paths in this format read as appropriately formal for the larger format scale.
Commercial hardscape applications represent a substantial portion of 24″ × 12″ × 3cm bush-hammered basalt installations because the format and material match the scale, performance, and aesthetic requirements of public-realm architecture. Hotel approach paving, restaurant exterior paving, retail plaza hardscape, corporate campus pedestrian areas, museum and cultural-facility paving, hospitality resort architecture, and urban public-realm projects all use this specification. The dark colour of basalt provides the visual weight appropriate to commercial-scale installations and grounds the surrounding architectural masses; lighter stones can read as visually undersized at public scale. The 3cm thickness handles commercial pedestrian loading without issue, and for installations with light service-vehicle access (sidewalk loading and unloading, light commercial vehicles), the same finish in 4cm thickness is the appropriate specification, supplied on request. Commercial installations follow more frequent inspection schedules than residential — typically annual professional inspection for the first three years to identify any base settlement or pattern displacement, with routine maintenance limited to standard sweeping and washing thereafter.
The 24″ × 12″ format works particularly well as exterior stair treads in architectural hardscape applications. The 24-inch depth matches comfortable step tread depth, the 12-inch width can be ganged in multiples for wider stairs, and the bush-hammered surface provides the slip resistance critical for stair safety in all weather conditions. Garden stair runs, entrance stairs to elevated buildings, retaining-wall stair integrations, and amphitheatre-style outdoor seating all use this format as the structural and visual element of the stair architecture. Step nosing detail can be supplied as a square cut for the most contemporary appearance, a chamfered edge for visual softening, or a custom bullnose profile for the safest pedestrian edge. The same finish in coordinated coping and step-edge formats is supplied on request, allowing complete architectural stair compositions in matching material across the entire installation. Sculptural hardscape elements — landscape pedestals, sculpture bases, ornamental garden elements — also use this format for projects where the natural-stone identity is part of the architectural concept.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Stone Classification | Volcanic Basalt | Igneous rock formed from rapidly cooled lava; dense crystalline structure. |
| Origin | Citadel Volcanic Deposits, Middle East | Hand-quarried from Citadel Stone’s exclusive Middle Eastern volcanic source. |
| Surface Treatment | Bush-Hammered | Mechanical impact tooling produces a deeply textured anti-slip surface. |
| Format | 24″ × 12″ | Contemporary large-format paving; metric equivalent 60 × 30 cm. |
| Thickness | 3 cm (1-3/16 in) | US standard paver thickness; supports residential and light-commercial loading. |
| Density | 2.85 – 3.05 g/cm³ | Among the densest natural stones in commercial supply. |
| Water Absorption | <0.5% | Effectively non-absorbent; no sealing required for any application. |
| Compressive Strength | 200 – 300 N/mm² | Exceptional; suited to vehicular loading and structural hardscape. |
| Mohs Hardness | 6 – 7 | Significantly harder than limestone, marble, or sandstone. |
| Slip Resistance (Wet) | Excellent | Bush-hammered surface provides the strongest anti-slip performance in natural stone. |
| Acid Resistance | Excellent | Resistant to acidic spills, pool chemistry, road salt, atmospheric pollution. |
| Frost Resistance | Excellent | No freeze-thaw vulnerability in any climate. |
| Heat Resistance | Excellent | Stable across the full thermal range of USA climates. |
| Sealing Requirement | Not Required | Optional colour-enhancing sealer for aesthetic preference only. |
| Climate Suitability | All-Climate | Performs without restriction in every USA climate from tropical to severe cold. |
| Restorability | Excellent | Surface can be re-honed and re-textured by stone restoration specialists. |
This product is supplied in a fixed 24″ × 12″ face dimension at 3cm (1-3/16 inch) standard paver thickness. Each piece covers 2.0 square feet of installation area. Custom thicknesses and custom face dimensions are available for project-specific requirements.
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Face Dimensions (Imperial) | 24″ × 12″ |
| Face Dimensions (Metric) | 60 × 30 cm |
| Thickness (Imperial) | 1-3/16 in (commonly referenced as 1-1/4 in) |
| Thickness (Metric) | 3 cm |
| Coverage (per piece) | 2.0 sq ft (0.18 sq m) |
| Approximate Weight (per piece) | 22 – 26 lbs |
| Pieces per Pallet (typical) | 50 – 70 pieces |
| Pallet Coverage (typical) | 100 – 140 sq ft |
| Recommended Cutting Waste Allowance | 5 – 10% for rectangular installations; 10 – 15% for complex layouts |
| Custom Thicknesses Available | 4 cm and 5 cm on request for heavier loading conditions |
| Custom Face Dimensions | Available on request for bespoke specifications |
The comparison below positions Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm against the four materials most often considered as alternatives for contemporary large-format hardscape: large-format porcelain pavers, concrete pavers, granite, and bluestone.
| Property | This Stone | Porcelain LF | Concrete Paver | Granite | Bluestone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Material | Yes | No (manufactured) | No | Yes | Yes |
| Water Absorption | <0.5% | <0.5% | 4 – 7% | 0.1 – 0.5% | 0.5 – 2% |
| Mohs Hardness | 6 – 7 | 7 – 8 | 4 – 5 | 6 – 7 | 5 – 6 |
| Compressive Strength | 200 – 300 N/mm² | Variable | 30 – 50 N/mm² | 150 – 250 N/mm² | 100 – 150 N/mm² |
| Anti-Slip (Wet, Textured) | Excellent | Variable | Good | Variable | Good |
| Sealing Required | No | No | Recommended | Recommended | Recommended |
| Acid Resistance | Excellent | Excellent | Moderate | Good | Good |
| Freeze-Thaw Performance | Excellent | Excellent | Good | Excellent | Good |
| Heat Tolerance | Excellent | Excellent | Good | Excellent | Good |
| Vehicular Loading at 3cm | Excellent | Conditional | Limited | Excellent | Good |
| Lifespan | Multi-Generational | 30 – 50 years | 20 – 40 years | Multi-Generational | Multi-Generational |
| Visual Authenticity | True Natural | Engineered Print | Industrial | True Natural | True Natural |
| Restorability | Excellent | None | Limited | Good | Good |
| Maintenance Demand | Lowest | Lowest | Moderate | Low | Low |
Black Basalt Bush-Hammered at the standard 3cm paver thickness occupies a distinctive position in the large-format hardscape market: it matches porcelain on weather performance and maintenance simplicity while delivering authentic natural-stone identity, restorability, and the substantial vehicular-loading capacity that thin porcelain pavers cannot match. Against concrete pavers, it offers dramatically superior longevity and weather performance. Against other natural stones, it offers the broadest climate suitability and the lowest ongoing maintenance commitment.
Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm is installed using standard large-format natural-stone hardscape techniques. Substrate preparation depends on the application and the loading conditions. Pedestrian-only patios and walkways typically use a properly compacted aggregate base (4 to 6 inches of crushed stone) with a sand or stone-dust setting layer; pool decks typically use a deeper aggregate base (6 to 8 inches) with careful drainage planning; residential driveways under passenger-vehicle loading require an engineered base (8 to 12 inches of compacted aggregate, often with geotextile separation) and may benefit from a reinforced concrete substrate underlying the bedded basalt for highest-loading applications.
Installation method depends on base type. Sand-bed installations use polymeric jointing sand between pieces to stabilise the layout against weed growth and minor settlement movement; this is the most common residential installation method and works well for the 24″ × 12″ format. Mortar-bed installations on a concrete substrate are used for pool decks, elevated patios, and applications where joint precision is critical; mortar joints are typically 3/16 to 1/4 inch and matched closely to the dark basalt tone with charcoal or grey grout. For the larger 24-inch format, joint width tolerance is more visually apparent than on smaller formats — care during installation to maintain consistent joint width across the installation produces a significantly cleaner visual outcome.
Edge restraints are essential for sand-bed installations to prevent lateral migration of the pieces over time. The larger format and heavier per-piece weight of this specification (22 to 26 lbs per piece versus 15 to 17 lbs for the 12-inch square format) provides more inherent stability against lateral movement than smaller formats, but edge restraint is still mandatory for any sand-bed installation.
The maintenance of bush-hammered basalt is the simplest of any natural stone in residential and commercial hardscape. Routine care consists of periodic sweeping or low-pressure blowing to remove accumulated grit, leaves, and organic debris. Washing with clean water is performed as needed — typically seasonally — and pressure washing is acceptable at moderate pressure (under 1,500 PSI) with a fan nozzle for more thorough cleaning of accumulated dirt or biological growth.
The bush-hammered surface texture conceals minor wear and the cumulative effect of decades of use better than smoother finishes, which means the installation maintains its visual character over time without active intervention. For installations that accumulate biological growth (moss, lichens, algae in shaded or damp settings), a dilute natural-stone cleaner can be applied without concern — basalt’s acid resistance means that more aggressive cleaning products that would damage limestone are safe to use on basalt.
No sealing or resealing is required at any point in the service life of the installation. Some installations develop a slight surface patina over many years of use, particularly in coastal or industrial environments where atmospheric mineralisation builds gradually on the stone — this is part of the natural character of the material and generally considered an aesthetic enhancement rather than degradation.
In the event of damage to individual pieces, the larger 24″ × 12″ format requires slightly more attention than smaller formats to lift and replace cleanly. For sand-bed installations, individual pieces can be lifted and replaced by an experienced installer. For mortar-bed installations, piece replacement requires cutting the existing mortar around the affected piece, removing the damaged piece, and re-bedding the replacement — a more involved process appropriately scoped to a stone-installation professional.
Both products use the same Citadel basalt and the same bush-hammered finish; the difference is the format dimension and the resulting installation character. The 12″ × 12″ square format reads as traditional residential hardscape with smaller modular pieces installed in grid patterns; the 24″ × 12″ rectangle reads as more contemporary and architectural, with elongated proportions installed in running-bond or stack-bond layouts that emphasize directional flow. The 12-inch square is appropriate for traditional residential settings and smaller-scale projects; the 24-by-12 rectangle is appropriate for contemporary architectural settings, larger-scale projects, and commercial work. Both formats can also be combined in coordinated installations — the larger format as the primary hardscape area and the smaller format as a border, accent, or transition piece — for projects where deliberate scale variation is part of the design intent.
The 3cm thickness is the international natural-stone trade standard for paving applications, recognised across the US stone industry, architectural specification community, and installation trades. The thickness is sufficient for residential pedestrian loading on standard aggregate bedding, residential vehicular loading on properly engineered bases, and commercial pedestrian hardscape across light and medium loading conditions. Thinner natural-stone formats (typically 2cm) are appropriate for wall cladding and sheltered light-duty surfaces; thicker formats (4cm, 5cm, and above) are appropriate for heavier vehicular loading and commercial vehicular applications. The 3cm specification is the right balance of structural capacity, material cost, weight handling, and installation practicality for the broadest range of hardscape applications, which is why it has become the trade-standard thickness across the global natural-stone industry.
Yes — the 24″ × 12″ format at 3cm thickness is suitable for residential driveways under passenger-vehicle loading when installed on a properly engineered base. The pattern variations available with this format — running bond, herringbone, modified herringbone, and offset stack bond — produce visually compelling driveway architecture that reads as designed approach rather than utilitarian paving. For driveways with frequent heavier-vehicle use, regular service-vehicle access, or commercial vehicular traffic, the same finish in 4cm or 5cm custom thickness is the appropriate specification and is available on request. Edge restraints, proper base engineering, and adequate drainage are essential for any driveway installation regardless of format. Citadel Stone provides driveway-specific specification consultation as part of the standard order process for driveway projects.
The choice between bush-hammered basalt and large-format porcelain is fundamentally a choice between authentic natural material and engineered alternative. Porcelain pavers offer competitive weather performance, no sealing requirement, and lower acquisition cost in standardised formats. Black Basalt Bush-Hammered offers all of these advantages plus true natural-stone identity, multi-generational lifespan rather than the 30 to 50 year service life of porcelain, restorability across the lifetime of the installation, substantial vehicular-loading capacity that thin porcelain pavers cannot match at the 3cm thickness, and the genuine material value that natural stone adds to a property. For luxury residential and architectural commercial work where authentic natural material is part of the design intent, basalt is the appropriate choice. For projects where the lowest acquisition cost is the priority and the design vocabulary is satisfied by an engineered surface, porcelain may be the practical alternative.
Citadel Stone supplies coordinated edge treatments in matching basalt or contrasting Citadel limestone, depending on the design intent. Available edge treatments include matching basalt curbing in standard and custom dimensions for clean modern boundaries, bullnose-profile coping for stair edges and pool deck transitions, mitered-corner edge pieces for crisp 90-degree direction changes, and chamfered edge treatments for visual softening at pedestrian transition zones. Contrasting limestone curbing in white, yellow, or grey creates deliberate design contrast at the boundary between the basalt hardscape and surrounding planting beds or adjacent surfaces. Edge treatment selection is part of the standard consultation process and should be determined at the design stage to ensure dimensional coordination across the installation.
Standard 24″ × 12″ × 3cm bush-hammered format is normally available from stock for delivery to most United States destinations within three to four weeks of order confirmation. Custom thicknesses (4cm, 5cm), custom face dimensions, and large commercial orders typically require six to twelve weeks. Minimum order quantities are modest — typically a single pallet (100 to 140 square feet of coverage) is the practical minimum for cost-effective shipping. For trade accounts, commercial projects, and orders above three pallets, dedicated production runs and structured pricing reflecting volume are coordinated through the Citadel Stone trade support team. Free physical samples are dispatched ahead of full orders on request to confirm the colour, surface character, and bush-hammered texture in the actual lighting of the project setting before commitment.
Citadel Stone provides a free consultation service for every Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm project regardless of scale. The consultation includes review of the project scope and architectural intent, application-suitability assessment for the specific project setting, thickness recommendation if heavier loading suggests an alternative specification, base preparation guidance for the loading conditions, pattern and layout recommendations, coverage and quantity take-off with appropriate waste allowance, and discussion of any project-specific specification considerations. Consultation is available by email, telephone, and video call, and is staffed by experienced natural stone specialists who understand the technical and architectural demands of contemporary basalt hardscape.
For architects, landscape designers, contractors, and developers working on residential and commercial projects across the United States, Citadel Stone provides dedicated trade support. This includes priority technical advice during specification development, lead-time guarantees on committed orders, custom thickness and dimension development for project-specific requirements, presentation sample boards for client meetings, and structured pricing for sustained trade volumes. Trade accounts are opened on request and require a single project reference to activate.
Free physical samples of Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm are dispatched to specifiers and homeowners alike on request. The colour, surface texture, weight, and tactile quality of bush-hammered basalt are most accurately understood in physical form rather than from photography, and the sample allows the surface character, the dark colour saturation, the deeply-textured anti-slip surface, and the substantial 3cm weight to be assessed in the actual lighting and use context of the project setting before commitment. To request a sample, a quote, or a project consultation, contact Citadel Stone directly using the form on this page or the email address provided.
Product specifications and pricing are subject to change. Contact Citadel Stone for current stock availability and project-specific recommendations.
Citadel Stone’s Black Basalt Bush-Hammered 24″ × 12″ × 3cm is the contemporary large-format hardscape specification of choice across the United States. The 24-by-12-inch rectangular face is the format that defines modern paving architecture — drawing the eye along the length of a driveway or pathway, anchoring patios and pool decks in a strong directional rhythm, and giving commercial plaza paving the visual scale appropriate to large public spaces. The 3cm (1-1/4 inch) thickness is the US standard paver specification, sufficient for residential pedestrian patios and walkways, residential driveways under typical passenger-vehicle loading when bedded on a properly engineered base, and commercial pedestrian hardscape across light to medium loading conditions. The bush-hammered finish is mechanically produced by impact tooling that creates a deeply textured anti-slip surface — the strongest wet-condition slip resistance available in natural-stone hardscape. Quarried from Citadel volcanic deposits in the Middle East — the world’s most weather-resilient basalt source — and prepared in our own facilities. No sealing required for any application; the dense crystalline structure of volcanic basalt is naturally weatherproof. Performs without restriction across every USA climate from tropical to severe cold without caveat.
Price: $2.30 per sq. ft.
Total: $2.30